Account information service providersan account information service provider as referred to in Article 33(1) of Directive (EU) 2015/2366, referred to in Article 33(1) of Directive (EU) 2015/2366, are explicitly included in the scope of this Regulation, taking into account the specific nature of their activities and the risks arising therefrom. In addition, electronic money institutionsan electronic money institution as defined in Article 2, point (1), of Directive 2009/110/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and payment institutionsa payment institution as defined in Article 4, point (4), of Directive (EU) 2015/2366 exempted pursuant to Article 9(1) of Directive 2009/110/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (14)Directive 2009/110/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 September 2009 on the taking up, pursuit and prudential supervision of the business of electronic money institutions amending Directives 2005/60/EC and 2006/48/EC and repealing Directive 2000/46/EC (OJ L 267, 10.10.2009, p. 7). and Article 32(1) of Directive (EU) 2015/2366 are included in the scope of this Regulation even if they have not been granted authorisation in accordance Directive 2009/110/EC to issue electronic money, or if they have not been granted authorisation in accordance with Directive (EU) 2015/2366 to provide and execute payment services. However, post office giro institutions, referred to in Article 2(5), point (3), of Directive 2013/36/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council (15)Directive 2013/36/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 June 2013 on access to the activity of credi tinstitutions and the prudential supervision of credit institutions, amending Directive 2002/87/EC and repealing Directives 2006/48/EC and 2006/49/EC (OJ L 176, 27.6.2013, p. 338)., are excluded from the scope of this Regulation. The competent authorityas defined in Article 46 for payment institutionsa payment institution as defined in Article 4, point (4), of Directive (EU) 2015/2366 exempted pursuant to Directive (EU) 2015/2366, electronic money institutionsan electronic money institution as defined in Article 2, point (1), of Directive 2009/110/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council exempted pursuant to Directive 2009/110/EC and account information service providersan account information service provider as referred to in Article 33(1) of Directive (EU) 2015/2366 as referred to in Article 33(1) of Directive (EU) 2015/2366, should be the competent authorityas defined in Article 46 designated in accordance with Article 22 of Directive (EU) 2015/2366.